was/were + V3:
The house was built in 1990.
У цій темі ти вивчиш Past Simple Passive: як утворювати ствердження, заперечення та питання у пасивному стані минулого часу.
was/were + V3:
The house was built in 1990.
was/were + not + V3:
The letter was not sent.
Was/Were + S + V3?:
Was the house built in 1990?
Дієслово be в минулому часі:
I was invited. The house was built.
You were told. They were arrested.
The car was stolen.
The thieves were caught.
Порядок: Subject + was/were + V3 (+ by agent)
The house was built in 1990.
Будинок був побудований у 1990 році.
The thieves were caught yesterday.
Злодіїв зловили вчора.
I was invited to the party.
Мене запросили на вечірку.
Для завершених дій у минулому:
America was discovered in 1492.
Америку відкрили в 1492 році. (історичний факт)
The letter was sent last week.
Листа надіслали минулого тижня.
The window was broken during the storm.
Вікно розбилося під час бурі.
Додаємо not після was/were: Subject + was/were + not + V3
The email was not sent.
Електронний лист не був надісланий.
The documents were not signed.
Документи не були підписані.
I was not informed about the meeting.
Мене не повідомили про зустріч.
У розмовній мові використовують wasn't / weren't:
The door wasn't locked.
Двері не були замкнені.
The rooms weren't cleaned yesterday.
Кімнати не прибирали вчора.
Was/Were виходить на перше місце: Was/Were + Subject + V3?
Was the car repaired?
Машину відремонтували?
Were the documents signed?
Документи були підписані?
Was she invited to the party?
Її запросили на вечірку?
Wh-word + was/were + Subject + V3?
When was the house built?
Коли був побудований будинок?
Where was the car found?
Де знайшли машину?
Why were they arrested?
Чому їх заарештували?
Відповіді з Yes/No + was/were (not):
Was the letter sent? — Yes, it was. / No, it wasn't.
Листа надіслали? — Так. / Ні.
Were they informed? — Yes, they were. / No, they weren't.
Їх повідомили? — Так. / Ні.
Порівняння активного та пасивного стану в минулому:
| English | Українською | Форми / Примітки |
|---|---|---|
Active: Tom wrote the letter yesterday.
|
Том написав листа вчора. | → Passive: The letter was written yesterday. |
Active: They built this house in 1990.
|
Вони побудували цей будинок у 1990. | → Passive: This house was built in 1990. |
Active: Someone stole my bike.
|
Хтось вкрав мій велосипед. | → Passive: My bike was stolen. |
📌 Маркери часу (yesterday, last week, in 1990) залишаються!
Past Simple Passive часто використовується з маркерами минулого часу:
yesterday
The report was finished yesterday.
last week/month/year
The car was sold last week.
in 1990 / in the 19th century
The bridge was built in 1900.
ago (two days ago)
The email was sent two days ago.
The documents was signed.
The house was builded in 1990.
The letter sent yesterday?
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